Anti-kyphosis smart bag detection of overweight bag load and improper spinal posture in army members when using work bags
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58524/app.sci.def..v2i3.410Keywords:
Kyphosis, Smart Bag, Spinal Posture, TNIAbstract
Heavy field equipment owned by soldiers such as backpacks unknowingly makes soldiers move with the wrong body posture when in the field. Carrying a bag with a heavy load and the wrong posture (slouching), can cause abnormalities in the spine, such as slouching (kyphosis). Therefore, a posture therapy is needed with the method of habituation using a work bag with a load not exceeding 15 percent of the user's body weight and using it with the correct posture. This therapy / habituation is of course carried out outside of field training hours that do not ignore the use of heavy loads, for example in the office or anywhere else when carrying a bag. Seeing this, researchers are trying to create and develop an anti-kyphosis smart bag that can prevent and treat spinal deformities. After making the system, this smart bag was then tested quantitatively with the aim of seeing the qualification of the system's ability to detect excess bag weight, if the weight of the bag exceeds 15 percent of the user's body weight and the ability of the system to detect improper posture seen from the sensitivity level of the load cell sensor based on its placement position in the back area. The test was conducted on three respondents who were selected based on their height, namely 170 cm, 175 cm, and 182cm. The system calibration results show that the system works accurately, with a measuring error of 0% and effective sensor placement between the thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis areas of the back, with the ability to detect a bend angle of at least 24.7°. Seeing the effectiveness of this anti-kyphosis smart bag, it is hoped that it can be a smart solution for TNI members in maintaining spinal posture to avoid kyphosis due to the habit of carrying excessive loads with the wrong body posture.
References
Castro, T. G. M. de, Lima, E. de P., Vasconcelos, A. G., & Nascimento, E. do. (2024). Association between low back pain and common mental disorders in adults: systematic review. Brazilian Journal of Pain, 7. https://doi.org/10.5935/2595-0118.20240023-en
Davis, K. G., Kotowski, S. E., Albers, J., & Marras, W. S. (2010). Investigating reduced bag weight as an effective risk mediator for mason tenders. Applied Ergonomics, 41(6), 822–831. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2010.02.001
Ha, S., & Kim, M. (2020). Challenges of designing and carrying out laboratory experiments about Newton’s second law: The case of Korean gifted students. Science and Education, 29(5), 1389–1416. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11191-020-00155-1
Han, K. S., Rohlmann, A., Zander, T., & Taylor, W. R. (2013). Lumbar spinal loads vary with body height and weight. Medical Engineering and Physics, 35(7), 969–977. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medengphy.2012.09.009
Hanafi, M., Sitorus, H., & Gabriel, T. J. (2019). Meningkatkan pembinaan karir perwira terhadap pelaksanaan tugas pokok TNI AD di KODAM Jaya/Jayakarta (Studi bidang jabatan perwira pertama di BRIGIF Mekanis 1 PIK/Jayasakti). Jurnal Strategi Perang Semesta, 5(2).
Heller, M. F., Challis, J. H., & Sharkey, N. A. (2009). Changes in postural sway as a consequence of wearing a military backpack. Gait and Posture, 30(1), 115–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2009.02.015
Delvin, V. J. (2011). Spine secrets plus (J. Merritt, Ed.; 2nd ed.). Elsevier.
Kett, A. R., Sichting, F., & Milani, T. L. (2021). The Effect of Sitting Posture and Postural Activity on Low Back Muscle Stiffness. Biomechanics (Switzerland), 1(2), 214–224. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomechanics1020018
Levine, D. S., Sripada, R. K., Ganoczy, D., Walters, H., Gorman, L. A., & Valenstein, M. (2016). Poorer physical health is associated with greater mental health service utilization in a sample of depressed U.S. Army national guard soldiers. Military Medicine, 181(8), 803–810. https://doi.org/10.7205/MILMED-D-15-00287
Li, J., Zhang, D., & Shen, Y. (2020). Impact of cervical sagittal parameters on axial neck pain in patients with cervical kyphosis. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-020-01909-x
Lou, E., Lam, G. C., Hill, D. L., & Wong, M. S. (2012). Development of a smart garment to reduce kyphosis during daily living. Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing, 50(11), 1147–1154. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11517-011-0847-7
Maharani, S. (2020). Studi Literatur Pengaruh penggunaan sensor gas terhadap persentase nilai error Karbonmonoksida (CO) dan Hidrokarbon (HC) pada prototipe Vehicle Gas Detector (VGD). Jurnal Teknik Elektro, 9(3), 569–578. https://doi.org/10.26740/jte.v9n3.p%25p
Oja, L., & Piksööt, J. (2023). The Influence of Previous Lifestyle on Occupational Physical Fitness in the Context of Military Service. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20031860
Oktari, P., Putri, N. U., Sintaro, S., Kom, M., & Trisnawati, F. (2020). Pengembangan alat ukur batas kapasitas tas sekolah anak berbasis mikrokontroler. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kendali dan Listrik, 1(1), 14-22. https://doi.org/10.33365/jimel.v1i1.189
Putri, F., & Wildian, W. (2020). Rancang Bangun Pendeteksi Beban Berlebih pada Tas Ransel Sekolah Berbasis Arduino Uno dengan Sensor Load Cell. Jurnal Fisika Unand, 9(1), 134–141. https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu.9.1.134-141.2020
Rashid, M., Mathew, J., Raj V, V. S., & Raja, K. (2021). Optimization of backpack loads using gait parameters in school boys. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 25, 174–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2020.11.014
Schilz, C., & Sammito, S. (2021). Soldiers’ physical activity of daily life: a systematic literature review. Journal of Public Helath, 31, 773–778. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-021-01586-y/Published
Suri, C., Shojaei, I., & Bazrgari, B. (2020). Effects of school backpacks on spine biomechanics during daily activities: A narrative review of literature. Human Factors, 62(6), 909–918. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720819858792
Widyasari, D. C., & Turnip, S. S. (2019). Does healthy lifestyle contribute to physical and mental health among university students? Makara Journal of Health Research, 150–156. https://doi.org/10.7454/msk.v23i3.1155
Xuanchen, Z. (2022). A review of research on the effects of backpacks on body posture and spinal morphology in children and adolescents. Journal of Advances in Sports and Physical Education, 5(8), 198–203. https://doi.org/10.36348/jaspe.2022.v05i08.003
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Agung Hirawan, Muhammad Rey Renoult, Diyan Parwatiningtyas, Iqbal Ahmad Dahlan, Adhi Kusumadjati, Jofim Yordaniel Napitupulu
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
